Course: Comparative morphology and anatomy, caste determination and social organisation of insects (focus Apis mellifera), development of social insect colonies, nest construction in Hymenoptera, bee products: origin and status for humans, pollination, diseases and parasites of honey bees including current colony losses (CCD). Insight into ongoing projects of applied bee research. Seminar: During the seminar the different areas are being discussed in depth by means of original articles and reviews along with current topics in bee research. The students will present and discuss specific publications as well as results derived during the course. close