Qualification objectives: Students possess a comprehensive understanding of dynamic processes, climate and the interactions between palaeontologically relevant taxa in marine and continental ecosystems of the Phanerozoic; in both theory and practice, they are able to analyse these factors in the field, interpret them and present the results in an expert and professional manner. Contents: Detailed analysis and interpretation of marine and continental Phanerozoic ecosystems, focusing on the Quaternary, with regard to temporal/spatial changes in the interactions between communities, their habitats and the climate with reference to case studies from current research, primarily in China, and students' own project work, primarily in China. close